Wireless sensor node for real-time sulfur gas emission monitoring (Taal GEM)

Abstract

Disasters are life-threatening, sudden events triggered by environmental causes that injure people and damage property. Earthquakes, typhoons, floods, and volcanic eruptions all incur anywhere, often without warning. People need to be prepared before the occurrence of any disaster. Disaster prevention and mitigation are integral to development activities. Through the utilization of technology, this can be used to assist human needs in various methods of monitoring different types of parameters leading to preparedness of communities. Taal Volcano had several violent eruptions in the past causing loss of lives. Inside the small Crater Lake within Taal Volcano is a tiny volcanic island that emits sulfur and steam. These also rise from yellow fumaroles on the slopes of Taal Volcano and the cliffs on the interior of the crater. Because of its proximity to populated areas and its eruptive history, the volcano was labeled a Decade Volcano, commendable of close study to avoid forthcoming natural disasters brought by eruption. As an active volcano people should be prepared when eruption occurs to save lives, properties, and to prevent possible casualties. These reasons prompted the researcher to develop a device, “Taal GEM”, a gas emission monitoring device for predicting volcanic activity of Taal Volcano.The tools in developing and designing the Taal GEM were available gas sensors; data acquisition technology; communication technology; and environmental constraints. Furthermore, data was deployed to an online system and integrated a Decision Support System Platform via Global System for mobile communication. Performance system testing of the project using efficiency and safety requirements was done. Specifically, the design and development of Gas Emission Monitoring Device made use of 2SH12-SO₂ sensor module, GSM module responsible for the transmission of data from the device to Online DSS and use non corrosive and heat-resistant materials in the construction of the device suitable. Taal GEM was tested and proven to be efficient and passed its safety requirements based on safety practices.